Category Archives: Schools

1918 Patrons Reference Directory A – D

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1918 Patron’s Reference Directory of Madison County, Nebraska

The following list is from the Standard Atlas of Madison County, Nebraska 1918

EXPLANATION — The date following a name indicates the length of time the party has been a resident in the county. The abbreviations are as follows: S. for Section; P. for Precinct; P. O. for Post Office address. When no Section Number or Township is given, it will be understood that the party resides within the limits of the village or city named, and, in such cases, the post office address is the same as the place of residence, unless otherwise stated.

{ In the above Precinct and Township are the same thing, just different words are used. }

Ahlman, W. M. , Manager Rundschau Publishing Co., Norfolk. 1879.

Aldag, John , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Percheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and White Rock Chickens, Maple Lane Stock Farm,      S. 30, P. Battle Creek, P. O. Battle Creek. 1872. Born in Minnesota in 1870, and married to Ida Setzkorn.

Allberry, F. L. , Farmer, Stockraiser, Saw Mill Operator, Corn Sheller and Breeder of Shropshire Sheep and Poultry, Blue Grass Valley Stock Farm,   S. 10, P. Battle Creek,  P. O. Norfolk. Born in Madison County in 1891, and married to Belle Shelock, Mrs. Allberry was born in Nebraska in 1893.

Ambroz, John , Farmer, S. 15, P. Schoolcraft, P. O. Madison. 1894.

Ambroz, Thos. , Farmer, S. 27, P. Schoolcraft, P. O. Lindsay. 1888.

Amen, George , Farmer and Breeder of Duroc Jersey Hogs and Plymouth Rock Chickens, S. 10, P. Valley, P. O. Norfolk. 1904. Born in Russia in 1891, and married to Lena Schmir.  Mrs. Amen was born in Nebraska in 1894.

Anderson, Tony , Farmer, S. 4, P. Fairview, P. O. Madison 1903.

Anderson, Walter L. , Farmer, Stockraiser, Corn Sheller and Threshing Machine Operator,  Valley View Stock Farm, S. 23, P. Shell Creek, P. O. Newman Grove. 1885.

Austin, Fred , Farmer, S. 18, P. Emerick. P. O. Newman Grove 1892.

Avery, W. M. , Farmer and Stockraiser, Catalpa Grove Grain and Poultry Farm, S. 26, P. Warnerville, P. O. Norfolk. 1912. Born in ILLINOIS in 1867, and married to Dalley Hughes, who was born in Nebraska in 1875. Mr. Avery has served as School Director and Moderator.

Baker, C. G. , Farmer and Breeder of Thoroughbred Shorthorn Cattle, Duroc Jersey Hogs and Plymouth Rock Chickens. Ash Grove Stock Farm,   S. 3, P. Meadow Grove, P. O. Tilden.

Baker, F. E. , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Persheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and Buff Orpington Chickens, Black Loam Stock Farm, S. 4, P. Jefferson, P. O. Tilden.

Baker, Walter , Farmer and Breeder of Hereford Cattle, Horses, Mules and Rhode Island Red Chickens, Wild Rose Hill Farm, S. 29. P. Battle Creek, P. O. Battle Creek. Born in Madison County in 1884, and married Minnie Pinsley. Mrs. Baker was born in ILLINOIS in 1882.

Bartee, J. R. and Sons , Farmers and Breeders of Shorthorn Cattle, Draft and Persheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and White Rock Chickens, American Stock and Poultry Farm.  S. 28, P. Battle Creek,    P. O. Battle Creek. Mr. J. R. Bartee was born in Virginia in 1845 and came to Madison County in 1916. He is married to Margaret Rimmer, who was born in Virginia in 1859. They are the parents of three sons, Earl, Dale and Flarn.

Besst, Clyde , Farmer and Breeder of Hereford Cattle, Duroc Jersey Hogs, Buff Orpington Chickens, Horses and Mules, S. 21, P. Valley,    P. O. Norfolk. Born in Madison County in 1879. Mr. Besst has served as School Moderator for fifteen years.

Bierman, Fred , Farmer and Breeder of Hereford Cattle, Draft Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs, Rhode Island Red and Plymouth Rock Chickens, Battle Creek Valley Stock Farm, S. 5, P. Battle Creek, P. O. Battle Creek. Born in Madison County in 1875, and married to Anna Praunar, who was born in Nebraska in 1879.

Bierman, H. J. , Farmer and Breeder of Duroc Jersey Hogs and Plymouth Rock Chickens, Sweet Clover Stock Farm, S. 29, P. Battle Creek, P. O. Battle Creek. Born in Madison County in 1889, and married Minnie Lambert, who was born in Nebraska in 1889.

Blank, Herman Jr. , Farmer, S. 12, P. Green Garden, P. O. Madison. 1888.

Bley, F. O. , Farmer, S. 19, P. Emerick, P. O. Newman Grove.

Bliss, D. W. , Farmer and Breeder of Shropshire Sheep, Stock Feeder, River Side Sheep Ranch, S. 7, P. Jefferson, P. O. Tilden. 1888. Born in Illinois in 1866.  Mrs. Bliss was born in Iowa in 1871.

Bliss, Alvin , S. 7, P. Jefferson. P. O. Tilden. Born in Madison County in 1893.  Mrs. Bliss was born in Nebraska in 1896.

Borchers, Carl , Farmer and Breeder of Hereford Cattle, Draft Horses, Poland China Hogs and Plymouth Rock Chickens, S. 5, P. Battle Creek, P. O. Battle Creek. Born in Madison County in 1884.

Bouton, Sam , Farmer and Breeder of Hereford Cattle, Draft Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs, Shropshire Sheep and Buff Orpington Chickens, Cedar Valley Farm, S. 27, P. Valley, P. O. Norfolk. 1910. Born in Nebraska in 1866, and married Alice Hoover.

Bowser, J. O. , Farmer and Stockraiser, S. 15, P. Grove, P. O. Meadow Grove. 1902. Born in ILLINOIS in 1888. Mrs. Bowser was born in Nebraska in 1892.

Boysen, August , Farmer and Breeder of Poland China Hogs, Shorthorn Cattle, Percheron Horses and White Rock Chickens, S. 1,   P. Green Garden, P. O. Madison. 1881.

Broberg, Magnus , Farmer, S. 30, P. Emerick, P. O. Newman Grove. 1910.

Brosh, V. J. , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Percheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and White Leghorn Chickens, Maple Grove Live Stock Farm, S. 25, P. Grove, P. O. Meadow Grove.

Brozek, John , Farmer, Stockraiser and Breeder of Chester White Hogs and Buff Orpington Chickens, Elm Grove Stock Farm, S. 28,
P. Highland, P. O. Meadow Grove. 1877. Born in Bohemia in 1868, and married Mary Kopach, who was born in Iowa in 1874.

Brozek, Joseph , Farmer and Breeder of Hereford Cattle, Percheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and Black Leghorn Chickens, Glen View Stock Farm,    S. 32, P. Highland, P. O. Meadow Grove. 1886. Born in Bohemia in 1864, and married Mary Prayma.  Mr. Brozek has served as School Moderator for six years.

Buettner, Herbert , Farmer and Director of School District No. 7,       S. 25, P. Green Garden, P. O. Madison. 1883.

Burton, A. W. , Farmer and Stockraiser, S. 7, P. Highland, P. O. Battle Creek. 1908. Born in Virginia in 1881, and married Florence Testerman, who was born in Virginia in 1885.

Carlisle, J. A. , Farmer and Breeder of Aberdeen Angus Cattle, Percheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs, Shropshire Sheep and Rhode Island Red Chickens, Evergreen Stock Farm, S. 31, P. Jefferson, P. O. Tilden. 1902. Born in Ohio in 1868. Mrs. Carlisle was born in Iowa in 1867.

Carlson, G. L. , Retired Capitalist, Norfolk, 1871.

Carson, Geo. , Farmer and Breeder of Duroc Jersey Hogs, S. 16,
P. Fairview, P. O. Madison. 1884.

Chittenden, C. C. , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Duroc Jersey Hogs and Rhode Island Red Chickens, Maple Valley Stock Farm, S. 24, P. Grove, P. O. Meadow Grove.

Choutka, Jos. J. Jr. , Farmer and Breeder of Poland China Hogs and Rhode Island Red Chickens, Pleasant View Farm, S. 10, P. Kalamazoo, P. O. Lindsay. 1881.

Classen, Peter , Farmer, S. 10, P. Kalamazoo, P. O. Lindsay. 1873.

Claus, J. H., Farmer, S. 30, P. Green Garden, P. O. Humphrey. 1885.

Collins, Joe. R. , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Percheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and Brown Leghorn Chickens, S. 31,
P. Highland, P. O. Meadow Grove. 1911. Born in Virginia in 1883 and married Mamie Collins, who was born in Virginia in 1887.

Crawford, D. L. , Farmer and Breeder of Rhode Island Chickens, Cedar Hill Farm, S. 6, P. Grove, P. O. Tilden. 1879. Born in ILLINOIS in 1862. Mrs. Crawford was born in Nebraska in 1869.

Cropper, E. H. , Farmer and Breeder of Plymouth Rock Chickens, S. 7, P. Warnerville, P. O. Norfolk. 1873

Cropper, S. A. , S. 7, P. Warnerville, P. O. Norfolk. 1873. Born in Vermont in 1837.

Cunningham, A. E. , Farmer and Breeder of Polled Durham Cattle, Draft Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and Buff Orpington Chickens, S. 27, P. Battle Creek, P. O. Norfolk. Born in Madison County in 1873 and married Effie Smith who was born in Wisconsin in 1875.  Mr. Cunningham served as School Director for ten years.

Cunningham, W. O. , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Percheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs, Plymouth Rock Chickens and Percheron Stallion, Maple Grove Stock Farm, S. 34, P. Battle Creek,
P. O. Norfolk. 1871. He is married to Mary E. Nangle. Mr. Cunningham is a Veteran of the Civil War, having enlisted Sept. 1, 1862 in the 16th Pennsylvania Cavalry and was discharged June 17, 1865. Mr. Cunningham served as School Treasurer for twelve years and Moderator for five years.

Cunningham, Harry, Norfolk. Born in Madison County in 1874 and married Myrtle McDonald, who was born in Kentucky in 1880.

Dahlstedt, Ed. , Farmer and Stockraiser, S. 20, P. Shell Creek, P. O. Newman Grove. 1898.

Dahnke, W. M. , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Percheron Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and Plymouth Rock Chickens, Upland View Stock Farm, S. 5, P. Jefferson, P. O. Tilden. 1887. Born in Germany in 1868. Mrs. Dahnke was born in Nebraska in 1873.

Danes, F. L. , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Draft Horses, Duroc Jersey Hogs and Plymouth Rock Chickens, Valley View Stock Farm, S. 5, P. Jefferson, P. O. Tilden. 1900. Born in Nebraska in 1865. Mrs. Danes was born in Nebraska in 1871.

Daniel, Carl , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Brown Leghorn Chickens, Horses and Mules, Clear View Stock Farm, S. 30, P. Highland, P. O. Meadow Grove. 1887. Born in North Carolina in 1882 and married Willa Wright who was born in Missouri in 1884.

Daniel, J. Edgar , Farmer and Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle, Draft Horses, Polled China Hogs and White Leghorn Chickens, Elmwood Stock Farm, S. 9, P. Highland, P. O. Meadow Grove. 1883. Born in North Carolina in 1878 and married Cynthia Crisman.

Degroat, Anton , Duncan-Mead Farm, Farmer and Breeder of High Grade Stock, S. 9, P. Union, P.O. Madison. 1886.

Dickey, J. W. , School Director, Farmer, ex-Assessor, S. 8, P. Madison, P.O. Madison. 1888.

Dieter, John , Farmer, S. 34, P. Union, P. O. Madison. 1870.

Dieter, Jos. , Farmer, S. 16, P. Green Garden, P. O. Madison. 1874.

Dietz, W., Farmer and Breeder of Buff Orpington Chickens, S. 33,
P. Warnerville, P. O. Norfolk. 1902. Born in Nebraska in 1896 and married Rose Rowlett who was born in Nebraska in 1896.

Dittberner, Otto , Farmer and Breeder of Graded Stock, S. 14,
P. Green Garden, P. O. Madison. 1873.

Dittberner, Theo. , Farmer, S. 15, P. Green Garden, P. O. Madison. 1874.

Dommer, L. , Farmer and Breeder of Plymouth Rock Chickens and Poland China Hogs, Glen Park Farm, S. 16, P. Norfolk, P. O. Norfolk. 1872. Born in Michigan in 1870 and married Sarah Raasch who was born in Nebraska in 1874.

Dvorak, A. J. , Farmer and Breeder of Pure Berkshire Hogs and White Rock Chickens, Iowa Valley Farm, S. 3, P. Kalamazoo, P. O. Madison. 1885.

Meadow Grove Teachers 1925 – 1926

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Meadow Grove Teachers 1925—1926

Meadow Grove public schools will open for a nine month.s term on Monday, Aug. 31st. The rooms in the building are being thoroughly cleaned, paint applied where necessary, so that the entire building will be in first-class shape when school opens. There is nothing gained in letting a building run down, and it should be noted that the Board of Education is taking good care of the building entrusted to their keeping and thereby saving money for the taxpayers.  

 

The following is a list of the teachers for the ensuing school year:        Supt. L. L. Spotts, Meadow Grove, Nebr.;

Prin. High School Clarence J. Rosenau, Hastings, Nebr.;

Normal Training and Domestic Science Mary Roach, Maywood, Nebr.;

English, Latin, French Ruth Ringland, Wayne, Nebr.;

7th and 8th Grades Beatrice Higbee, Meadow Grove, Nebr.;

5th and 6th Grades Frances Snimonek, Wilber, Nebr.;

3rd and 4th Grades Charlotte Hayden, Meadow Grove, Nebr.;

Primary Aleda Eggleston, Elgin, Nebr.

Source: Meadow Grove News, August 21, 1925, page 1.

Dry Hollow school teachers

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Can You Beat This?

 Miss Izola Higbee has been appointed teacher of the Dry Hollow school, north of Battle Creek, for the ensuing year.  Her mother, Mrs. Audrey Higbee, taught this school, her grandmother, Mrs. Martha Cloyd, her great aunt, Mrs. Olive Cloyd and her aunt, Miss Cora Cloyd, were all teachers of this school.

  It looks as tho the Cloyd family and their descendants have a mortgage on this school.  We see no reason why they should not have one.  They all made good, and we feel sure that Izola will be a worthy successor of those who blazed the trail.  Source:  Meadow Grove News, Thursday July 12, 1928, page 1.

Character Education by Vera Miller

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A Lesson on Success for All of Us

The following item was found in the Battle Creek Enterprise, Thursday, March 20, 1930 on page 1.

Commenting on the emphasis now being placed upon character education in public schools,

State Superintendent Taylor writes the Enterprise:

”At an examination held in November, 1929, those who were writing on the subject of English Composition were asked to write a composition of not less than three Hundred words on the subject of Character Education. The composition which is enclosed was written by Vera Miller, Battle Creek, (junior in high school). It may not be the best composition submitted from Madison county, but it at least may be accepted as typical.” Her essay follows:

School is not only a place of book learning but of character education as well. The lessons learned while at school will follow the child longer than rules of spelling and arithmetic. The character formed while young is the character you live with all your life. This character is formed while at school. Then is it not an important duty of the teacher to try to help his pupils form good characters?

Habit is a cable. We weave a thread of it every day till at last we cannot break it. These threads are woven while at school. When the child graduates he has woven those threads into cables. Are they the right kind of cables? Should not the teacher help the child weave good, strong and useful habits?  At the age of five years the little tot starts to school. His mother entrusts that precious little bit of humanity to the care of his instructor. At this age the child begins to know right from wrong and to realize why he is “paddled”. So it is not the mother who teaches her son or daughter, it is the teacher. How many teachers realize the real responsibility that many a fond mother places in his hands?

Twelve years glide swiftly by and mother’s heart leaps as her son is given a diploma as a reward for his diligence. He has leaned Latin, mathematics, science and many more. He has also learned character. Think of the pain in that mother’s heart if that boy had developed the wrong kind of a character. How often have we heard the expression, “That’s what he learns at school,” when “sonny” comes home with some slang. As he grows, too often has the slang that he adopted from his fellow classmates, led to other offenses. And so it is not always the amount of knowledge you have gained from books that counts. It is the character you have formed that really determines your success in life.

 

Madison Public School Picnic

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Schoolmates Hold Fifteenth Annual Picnic On Sunday

The fifteenth annual picnic of old schoolmates of the Madison school of 1870 to 1895 was held last Sunday at the Hoyt Osborn home in East Emerick. Mrs. A. K. Robinson of Newman Grove was elected president and Mrs. Hoyt Osborn of Meadow Grove was named secretary-treasurer.

Those present included: Mr. and Mrs. A. K. Robinson, Newman Grove; Mr. and Mrs. Hoyt Osborn, Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Adams, and Mr. and Mrs. W. W. Upton, all of Meadow Grove; Mrs. Alice Stevenson, Broken Bow; Mr. and Mrs. Henry Fricke, Pender; Mr. and Mrs. Oliver Hosford, Albion.  Mr. and Mrs. M. B. Foster, Mr. and Mrs. Ed Neidig, Mr. and Mrs. Fred H. Davis, Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Snyder, Mr. and Mrs. Ira Chittenden, Mrs. Nellie V. Yeazel, and Mrs. Gussie Wright, all of Madison. Mrs. Grace Osborn and Miss Abbie Thomas, both of Battle Creek; Mr. and Mrs. Wager and daughter, Nona, Newman Grove; Virgil Bickley, Green Garden; and Miss Ava Osborn, Meadow Grove, who was co-hostess with her mother, Mrs. Hoyt Osborn.                                                                                                 Source: “Madison Star-Mail”, Thursday, September 9, 1937, page 4.

Tintype Photos

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Tintype Photos Were Made Quickly, Mrs. Varner Says,                        by Alice Leffler

Tintypes were among the popular kinds of pictures when the late Ezekiel Rowlett operated a picture gallery in Madison, according to his daughter, Mrs. H. A. Varner. As she recalls the procedure, four tintypes were made simultaneously, the picture being imprinted directly upon the tin which was immersed in a developing fluid, a fixing solution and then varnished to prevent scratching and fading.

Farmer women and girls would have their pictures taken when first arriving in town, then call and receive them before leaving in the late afternoon. Mrs. Varner does not remember the price, as she was a school girl when her father was Madison’s photographer, but says they were cheaper than photographs, the popular priced photo being $2.50 a dozen.

While the tintypes were slipped into a folder with a paper fly-leaf to protect the face, the
photographs were pasted upon a fancy card. It took longer to make photographs then, than it does now, as the sun developed the pictures and one had to watch—well, here was the process:

There was a wooden frame with a glass face and a back which was hinged about two-thirds up and locked by means of a clamp. One placed the negative next the glass, then put in a sheet of sensitized paper, then firmly locked the back in place so the paper could not slip on the negative and blur the picture.  This was done in the ‘dark’ room which was light, but so-called as only a red light was used for illumination in order to protect the sensitive paper. The frame would then be carried out of the ‘dark’ room, care being taken that the opening door did not destroy exposed paper. The frame would be set in a sunny window for an approximate number of minutes, the exact time depending upon the brightness of the sun, the time of day and the condition of the glass plate, which corresponds with the present camera film.

Mrs. Varner has often tried to figure out the exact location of her father’s gallery but can not owing to the changes in Madison during the years when she lived in the vicinity of Warnerville and Enola.  She recalls that James and Marion Thomas had a general grocery store when her parents first came to Madison, and Mr. Prince operated the hotel. Later, Gillespies had a store; Earl Fichter ran the livery stable and W. J. Brinkman was the druggist. That was back in ’82, her father, a Civil War veteran, living in Seward county prior to that time, settling there in ’76.

Mrs. Varner attended school in Madison the winter her father homesteaded southwest of Warnerville, then known as Munson, as buildings had not been erected. Literaries, in which the children and adults sang, spoke pieces, debated, had spelling matches and play parties, were among the early day amusements for both Mr. and Mrs. Varner. Mr. Varner also enjoyed dancing, of which Mrs. Varner’s parents did not approve, but the Methodist church which she attended provided considerable entertainment in the form of sociables.

Mr. Rowlett helped build the Warnerville church which was dedicated in 1906 by the Rev. W. R. Peters, who was a circuit minister, serving Bega, Warnerville, Hoskins and Dover school district. Dr. Tyndall, presiding elder, preached the dedicatory sermon. The Rev. Kimball of Madison and previously preached at Warnerville, Hoskins and the Dover school district. Mr. and Mrs. Varner, after their marriage in ’88, farmed and kept store in Enola then moved to a farm near Enola and subsequently to Madison.

Tom Malone and his son, Fay, were among the prominent builders in Enola, for whom the town was named. They built several houses still standing, Will Stork; J. C. Hartford and Howard Miller occupying three of them. Ernest Diefenderfer was one of the first settlers. Mr. Varner was a director of the Enola school which was first housed in a small building later moved away that a two-room building might be erected, the plan being such that two rooms later were added, completing the original plan.

Mr. Stork was an early day postmaster, housing the government work in the office of the grain elevator which he and Paul Renner, Sr., owned. Mrs. Tobalo, now of California, and her six children lived in Enola.  Howard, the youngest of the Varner children, was born in Enola and is now with George Callies in the tire and battery business in Madison. The elder son, Harley, lives in Seward county and a daughter, Mrs. Fred Wakeley, near Hartington. There are ten grandchildren of the elder Varners and two great grandchildren.
Source: “Madison Star-Mail”, February 12, 1942, page 3.

Mrs. Mattison Recalls Long Life in Community

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Mrs. Mattison Recalls Long Life In Community by Alice Leffler

Mrs. Frances Mattison has prepared a sketch of the lives of herself and of her parents, the late Mr. and Mrs. Joseph K. Pracher, who were natives of romantic Czechoslovakia, coming to this country about 1870, both of them being in their teens, her father 18 and her mother 16, both leaving their parents in the homeland.  They spent about five weeks crossing the Atlantic ocean, being overtaken by a severe storm, which was when they first met, although they did not live far distant.

Mrs. Mattison’s father was the son of an extensive land owner, while her mother was a
daughter of a prominent business man of Prague, and was going to Chicago where she had relatives.Mrs. Mattison’s father first located in Chicago, Ill., later leaving for the west where he settled near Crete, purchasing a ranch on the Blue river and where he and his bride set up housekeeping.  Upon leaving of the opportunity which Madison county offered, he loaded his family in a covered wagon and in three days arrived at Madison, locating one mile west on 160 acres for which he paid $10 per acre. This was about 1886. In 1909 the land sold for $100 per acre and in 1915, $200, while in 1920 it brought $243. On this farm Mrs. Mattison spent her childhood days.

Mrs. Mattison’s favorite country school teacher was the late Mrs. Minnie Coope Burnham, who, among other things taught her needlework which became her hobby until it was displaced with the love of reading.  Mrs. Mattison’s sister, Mary (Mrs. Michael Ambroz) was an ardent admirer of horses and became a fine horsewoman. She did not hesitate to mount any horse that could be bridled and became the proud possessor of a side saddle and bridle, also a riding habit which included a long skirt and flowing veil.

Although Mrs. Mattison feared horses and, in fact, any farm livestock, she has a good word for the intelligence of a horse, which she had a chance to test during a flood. While driving a single horse to visit a friend 10 miles west of Madison a cloud burst descended before she could reach home, About four miles west, the low ground was flooded to such an extent that for about 40 rods the road, including a small bridge with low railing could not be seen. Mrs. Mattison undertook to guide the horse to where she thought the bridge was located but the horse refused to respond, so she released the lines and the horse, after a moment’s hesitation, changed the course and crossed the bridge. After reaching unflooded ground, Mrs. Mattison was met by Frank Scheer who marveled at the feat of crossing that stretch of undulated ground.

Mrs. Mattison graduated from the Madison High School with the class of 1898 at which time each graduate was called upon to write, memorize and deliver an oration.  She taught her first school in what was known as the Wehenkel school. One of her pupils was
Otto Scheer, the present mayor of Madison and with whose parents, Mr. and Mrs. Valentine Scheer, she boarded.  Teaching programs were different than now as pupils took the subjects they wished, to a more or less extent. Salaries were different, also, as one received $30 per month salary and paid $10 per month for board.  However, the country school days were not as dull as one may think. Literary societies were organized and programs consisted of debates, dialogues, recitations, community singing and spelling
bees.

Mrs. Mattison recalls her first auto ride, which was in a Brush, with open sides and high
pressure tires. As there were no smooth roads, passengers were obliged to hand on tight. Worse than the jolting was the noise it made, causing people to open doors for inspection as the car went careening past.  Fourth of July was an outstanding yearly event. Later, the county fair became popular.  Christmas was a quiet, family affair. Mrs. Mattison has in her possession an ABC plate which was her first Christmas gift. It took less to please and satisfy children in early times, she says, than it does now. Most toys were homemade and sweets consisted of stick candy.

Finally Mrs. Mattison realized the ambition of her life, that is, to travel. With her late husband, J. J. Mattison, all of the states in the union were visited, and several trips were made to Canada as well as to Old Mexico, the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and the Gulf of Mexico.  While in Atlantic City, N. J., they decided to walk the Board Walk, which is about 20 feet wide and five miles long, but gave it up as too big a job.
Source: ‘Madison Star-Mail”, February 26, 1942, page 4.

The Genevan 1921

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Geneva High School Annual

Geneva, Nebraska

 

Fillmore County

Senior Class Members

Florence Mulligan, President

Vernon Martin, Vice President

Joe Hranac, Secretary and Treasurer

Glen Thulin                    Lawrence Buehrer                    Evelyn Heath
Mabel Rumsey              Marguerite Hourigan                  Glenn M’Coy
Lyle Ertel                       Bert Nelson                               Glenn Hill
Edna Griffin                  Clarence Weinerth                    Raymond Dondlinger
Caroline Reinsch         James Matejka                          Elsie Sole
Nelson Potter               Ethel Ford                                 Joe Coleman
Eita Griffin                    Glenn Richards                          Esther Bordner
John Katheiser             Ray Willy

Junior  Class Members

Walter Hourigan, President

Bernard Rowlison, Vice President

Lee Biester, Secretary-Treasurer

Clarice Saunders                    Eleanor Nittler                    Margaret Borland
Virginia Bumgarner                 Gaylord Spear                    Thora Mowry
Edith Converse                       George Koehler                 Jack Mulligan
Agnes Hourigan                      Wayne Delaney                  Irene Anderson
Eleanor Owens                       Harry Frantz                      James Loghry
Beulah Wells                          Dean Hill                            Louise Acker
Verl Peterson                         Cecil Richards                   Alice Vavra
Claude McDonald                  Egenia Ogg                        Loyd Russell

Sophomore Class Members

Gladys Anderson, President

Lucille Nicholson, Vice President

Rose Peterson, Secretary-Treasurer

Blanche Bobbitt                    Frances Fiegenbaum                    Clyde Gewecke
Islea Held                             Velma Kuhns                                  Robert Manning
Eva Myers                            Helen McPeck                                Verna  Nelson
John Pittard                         Maud Rumsey                                Darrell Scott
Velma Stansberry               Edmund Weis                                Gale Walton
Alva Ward                           Josie Bures                                     Leonard Goold
Gerald Geis                        Lula Ingels                                       Rose Komarek
Elton Martin                        Carol Myers                                     Mildred Moore
Bernice Pangle                  Fred Picard                                     Genevieve Rock
Lula Russell                      Waldo Schupbach                           Vincent Willy
Donald Warner                  Irene Bauer                                     Frank Bates
DeVee Hafer                     Lena Hanlin                                     Howard Davis
Ira Whipple                       Clyde Yates                                     Ada Myers
Margaret Janing               Alice Kohler                                     Merna Myers
Cecilia Griffin                    Louise Crawford                            Jessie Richards
Kenneth Wilson,              Fannie Potter                                  Bernice Nachbor
Mildred Clawson              Pearl Walker                                   William Kretke
Frank Uldrich

Freshman Class Members

Ralph Reeve, President

Dorothy Skinkle, Vice President

Edith Hranac, Secretary-Treasurer

Francis Ackland                    Willard Ainsworth                    Archie Anderson
Paul Bordner                        Lela Brown                               Arthur Bass
Zola Bedford                         Hazel Black                             Condra Clark
Leonard Case                      Melva Chesshir                        Retta Davis
Irene Eddy                            Mildred Eavey                          Harry Eaton
Zola Fogle                            Kenneth Fisher                        Velma Frantz
Georgia Gunn                      John Gewecke                         Dale Hill
Mildred Huston                    Wilma Hess                             Harry Hilton
Harold Helton                      Walter Isley                               Marie Janing
Anthony Katheiser               Merton McCartney                   Maude Owens
John Ogg                             Florence Palmer                     Marion Peterson
Rolland Propst                    Fred Rhoda                             Beulah Roles
Pearl Ray                            Glen Stoldorf                           Carl Sole
Robert Sheldon                   Norma Scott                           Joy Strong
Ruth Williams                     Madeline Wythers                   Howard Watmore
Goldie Van Patten               Hazel Van Patten                    Raymond Linderman
Ben Bruce                           Russell Battle                         Loree Waggoner

 

 

 

 

Nebraska Counties and Towns

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The following list shows the COUNTY with the towns in each county listed.  All of the towns listed may not be in existence today.  The county seat is in CAPITAL letters for each county..

ADAMS Co.     Ayr     Brickton     Hansen     HASTINGS     Holstein     Ingleside     Juniata     Kenesaw     Pauline    Prosser      Roseland

ANTELOPE Co.     Brunswick     Burnett     Clearwater     Copenhagen     Elgin     Frenchtown     Glenalpine     Hord Siding     Jessup     NELIGH     Oakdale     Orchard     Royal     Saint Clair     Tilden     Vim

ARTHUR Co.     ARTHUR     Braden     Carman     Collins     Cullinan     Lena     Read     Rice

BANNER Co.     Ashford     Bighorn     Epworth     Flowerfield     Freeport     Gary
HARRISBURG     Heath     Hillside     Hull     Kirk     Loraine     Van

BLAINE Co.     BREWSTER     Cooper     Dunning     Edith     Lucy     Purdum
Scheding

BOONE Co.     ALBION     Boone     Bradish     Cedar Rapids     Loretto     Petersburg     Primrose     Raeville     Saint Edward

BOX BUTTE Co.     ALLIANCE     Berea     Birdsell     Burbank     Burns     Carpenter     Girard     Hashman     Hemingford     Letan     Nonpareil     Nye     Willey     Yale

BOYD Co.     Alford     Anoka     Baker     Bristow     BUTTE     Gross     Lynch     Mankat Marple     Monowi     Naper     Rosedale     Spencer

BROWN Co.     AINSWORTH     Alkali     Altai     Beardwell     Enderslake     Giles    Huffman     Johnstown     Lakewood     Long Pine     Mary     Midvale     Pike
Raven     Sunnyside     Spragg     Winfield

BUFFALO Co.     Amherst     Buda     Denman     Elm Creek     Gibbon
Glenwood Park     KEARNEY     Luce     Majors     Miller     Nantasket     Odessa       Optic     Peak     Pleasanton     Poole     Ravenna     Riverdale     Saint Michael     Sartoria Shelton     Sweetwater     Watertown

BURT Co.     Argo     Basford     Bertha     Craig     Decatur     Golden Spring     Lyons     Oakland     Peak     TEKAMAH     Zion

BUTLER Co.     Abie     Bellwood     Brainard     Bruno     DAVID CITY     Dwight     Garrison     Linwood     Loma     Millerton     Octavia     Rising City     Surprise     Ulysses

CASS Co.     Alvo     Avoca     Cedar Creek     Eagle     Elmwood     Greenwood     Louisville     Manley     Murdock     Murray     Mynard     Nehawka     PLATTSMOUTH     Rockbluff     South Bend     Union     Wabash     Weeping Water

CEDAR Co.     Aten     Belden     Bow Valley     Coleridge     Constance     Fordyce    HARTINGTON     Laurel     Magnet     Menominee     Obert     Randolph     Saint James  Saint Peter     St. Helena     Wareham     Wynot

CHASE Co.     Best     Champion     Chase     Enders     IMPERIAL     Lamar     Wauneta

CHERRY Co.     Arabia     Banner     Big Creek     Brownlee     Burge     Calf Creek  Capwell     Cascade     Cashswan     Cherry     Chesterfield     Cody     Crookston     Curlew     Eli     Elsmere     Elizabeth     Enlow     Erik     Ethel     Fern     Gilaspie      Harmony     Hire     Irwin     Kennedy     Kilgore     King     Kinneyville     Lackey     Lake       Lavaca     Lewanna     Lund     Martindale     Merriman     Middle Prong     Nenzel     Newton     Oasis     Prentice     Pullman     Reeves     Riege     Rita Park     Rolf     Roxby   Simeon    Soudan     Sparks     Survey     Thatcher     Trouble     VALENTINE     Vian     Wood Lake    Wells

CHEYENNE Co.     Brownson     Clara     Colton     Dalton     Dye     Henry     Herndon     Higgins     Ickes     Leafdale     Lodgepole     Lorenzo     Margate     Potter     Sextorp     SIDNEY     Sunol     Weyerts

CLAY Co.     CLAY CENTER     Deweese     Edgar     Eldorado     Fairfield     Glenvil     Harvard     Inland     Ong     Saronville      Springranch      Sutton     Trumbull    Verona

COLFAX Co.     Clarkson     Howell     Leigh     Praha     Richland     Rogers     SCHUYLER

CUMING Co.     Aloys     Bancroft     Beemer     Bismarck     Cuming     Germanville     Monterey     WEST POINT     Wisner

CUSTER Co.     Anselmo     Ansley     Arnold     Berwyn     BROKEN BOW
Callaway     Climax     Comstock     Cumro     Dale     Elton     Etna     Gates     Huxley      Lillian     Lodi     Lomax     Mason City     Merna     Milburn     Milldale     Oconto     Ortello      Sargent     Walworth     Weissert     Westerville     Yucahill

DAKOTA Co.     Covington     DAKOTA CITY     Goodwin     Homer     Hubbard     Jackson     Nacora     Sioux

DAWES Co.     Antelope     Belmont     Bordeaux     CHADRON     Crawford               Dakota Junction     Dunlap     Esther     Fort Robinson     Hough     Ida     Manchester      Marsland Pine Ridge     Vista     Wayside     Whitney

DAWSON Co.     Buffalo     Buzzards Roost     Cozad     Darr     Doss   Eddyville      Farnam     Gothenburg     Josselyn     LEXINGTON     Overton     Simonds     Sumner      Willow Island

DEUEL Co.     Barton     Bigspring     CHAPPELL     Day     Froid     Perdu     Ralton

DIXON Co.     Allen     Concord     Dixon     Emerson     Ionia     Limegrove     Martinsburg Maskell     Newcastle     PONCA     Wakefield     Waterbury

DODGE Co.     Ames     Crowell     Dodge     Everett     FREMONT     Hooper    Ihno        Leavitt     Mapleville     Nickerson     North Bend     Pleasant Valley     Rawhide       Ridgeley     Scribner     Snyder     Uehling     Winslow

DOUGLAS Co.     Bennington     Benson     Dodge     Elk City     Elkhorn     Florence     Irvington     Lane     Mercer     Millard     OMAHA     Ralston     Sarpy     Seymour     Valley   Waterloo

DUNDY Co.     BENKELMAN     Calvert     Haigler     Hiawatha     Max     Parks     Sanborn

FILLMORE Co.     Burress     Carlisle     Exeter     Fairmont     GENEVA     Grafton  Milligan     Ohiowa     Sawyer     Schickley     Strang

FRANKLIN Co.     Bloomington     Campbell     FRANKLIN     Hildreth     Macon     Naponee     Riverton     Upland

FRONTIER Co.     Centerpoint     Colebank     Curtis     Earl     Eustis     Freedom     Havana     Hunt     Maywood     Moorefield     Orafino     Osborn     Quick     Saint Ann     Stevens     STOCKVILLE

FURNAS Co.     Arapahoe     BEAVER CITY     Cambridge     Edison     Hendley     Holbrook     Hollinger     Oxford     Wilsonville

GAGE Co.     Adams     Barneston     BEATRICE     Blue Springs     Clatonia     Cortland   Cropsey     Ellis     Filley     Freeman     Grandview     Hanover     Hoag     Holmesville         Kinney     Krider     Lanham     Liberty     Odell     Pickrell     Rockford    Townsend     Virginia     Wymore

GARDEN Co.     Hartman     Hutchinson     Kowanda     Lewellen     Lisco     Lutherville      Moffitt     Mumper     Orlando     OSHKOSH     Pawlett     Rackett

GARFIELD Co.     Ballagh     Blake     BURWELL     Deverre     Dumas     Erina     Gables Rosevale     Sheridan

GOSPER Co.     Ceryl     ELWOOD     Gosper     Smithfield

GRANT Co.     Ashby     Duluth     Elva     HYANNIS     Lucky     Valley     Whitman

GREELEY Co.     Belfast     Brayton     GREELEY CENTER     Homestead     Horace     Parnell     Scotia     Spalding     Wolbach

HALL Co.     Abbott     Alda     Cairo     Doniphan     GRAND ISLAND     Spencer     Schauppsville     Underwood     Wood River

HAMILTON Co.     AURORA     Giltner     Hampton     Hordville     Marquette
Orville City     Phillips     Stockham

HARLAN Co.     ALMA     Carter     Huntley     Mascot     Orleans     Oxford Junction         Republican City     Stamford

HAYES Co.     Hamlet     HAYES CENTER     Marengo     Norris     Rain     Robert     Strickland     Thornburg     White

HITCHCOCK Co.     Beverly     Cornell     Culbertson     Meeker     Palisade     Poe  Rupert     Stratton     TRENTON

HOLT Co.     Agee     Amelia     Anncar     Atkinson     Badger     Biscuit     Blackbird    Bliss     Brodie     Catalpa     Celia     Chambers     Chelsea     Cleveland     Deloit     Dorsey     Doty     Dustin     Emmet     Emporia     Ewing     Grand Rapids     Gravel Pit    Greenvalley     Hainesville     Harold     Hay Point     Inez     Inglis     Inman     Josie     Joy Kola     Laura     Lavinia     Leonie     Little     Lucerne     Maple Grove     Martha     Meek     Middlebranch     Mineola     O’NEILL     Opportunity     Paddock     Page     Phoenix     Ray Redbird     Saratoga     Scottville     Stafford     Star     Stuart     Swan     Tonawanda     Tonic     Turner

HOOKER Co.     Donald     Dunwell     Eclipse     Hecla     Kelso     Moore     MULLEN       Weir

HOWARD Co.     Boelus     Coatesfield     Cushing     Dannebrog     Elba     Farwell  Nysted     Saint Libory     SAINT PAUL

JEFFERSON Co.     Daykin     Diller     Endicott     FAIRBURY     Gladstone     Harbine      Helvey     Jansen     Kesterson     Meridian     Plymouth     Powell     Reynolds           Steele City     Thompson

JOHNSON Co.     Cook     Crab Orchard     Elk Creek     Graf     Saint Mary     Sterling      TECUMSEH     Vesta

KEITH Co.     Belmar     Bertha     Brule     Keystone     Lemoyne     OGALLALA     Oren   Paxton     Roscoe     Sarben

KEYA PAHA Co.     Brocksburg     Burton     Carns     Eclipse     Enterprise     Jamison     Marlbank     Meadville     Mills     Norden     Pinecamp     Riverview     Simpson     SPRINGVIEW

KIMBALL Co.     Beacon     Bethel     Bushnell     Crossbar     Dix     Gifford     Hodges       Kauffman     KIMBALL     Oliver     Owasco     Parker     Smeed     Troy

KNOX Co.     Bazile Mills     Bloomfield     Blyville     CENTER     Creighton     Crofton Jelen     Knoxville     Le Blanc     Millerboro     Niobrara     Pishelville     Reidsville     Santee Sparta     Venus     Verdel     Verdigre     Walnut     Wausa     Winnetoon

LANCASTER Co.     Agnew     Arbor     Belmont     Bennett     Berks     Bethany     Burnham     Cheney     Cobb     College View     Cushman     Davey     Denton     Emerald Firth     Hallam     Havelock     Hickman     Holland     Jamaica     Kramer     Lancaster     LINCOLN     Malcolm     Martel     Normal     Panama     Prairie Home  Pecks Grove     Pella     Princeton     Raymond     Roca     Rokeby     Saltillo     Sprague  Summit     University Place     Walton     Waverly     West Lincoln

LINCOLN Co.     Arna     Bignell     Birdwood     Brady     Denmark     Dexter     Dickens     Echo     Gannett     Garfield     Hershey     Hindrey     Ingham     Maxwell     Myrtle     Nichols     NORTH PLATTE     O’Fallons     Somerset     Spannuth     Spear     Sutherland Vroman     Wallace     Wellfleet     Whittier     Willard

LOGAN Co.     Ford     Gandy     Gem     Hoagland     Kirsch     Logan     STAPLETON     Wagner

LOUP Co.     Almeria     Calamus     Ferguson     Gracie     Moulton     Ovitt     TAYLOR     Valleyview

MADISON Co.     Battle Creek     Burnett     Emerick     Enola     Hope     Kalamazoo Kent Siding     MADISON     Meadow Grove     Newman Grove     Norfolk                       South Norfolk     Tilden     Warnerville

MC PHERSON Co.     Brighton     Chandler     Flats     Forks     Lemley     Lilac     Mayflower     Nesbit     Ney     Omega     Ringgold     Summit     TRYON     Valyrang

MERRICK Co.     Archer     CENTRAL CITY     Chapman     Clarks     Elvira    Palmer     Silver Creek     Sunrise     Worms

MORRILL Co.     Angora     Atkins     Bayard     Bonner     BRIDGEPORT     Broadwater   Chimney Rock     Cleman     Colyer     Goodstreak     Guthrie     Lynn     Northport     Redington     Silverthorn     Simla

NANCE Co.     Belgrade     FULLERTON     Genoa     Kent     Merchiston     Northstar

NEMAHA Co.     Aspinwall     AUBURN     Brock     Brownville     Glen Rock     Howe Johnson     Julian     Nemaha     Peru     Saint Deroin

NUCKOLLS Co.     Abdal     Angus     Bostwick     Cadams     Hardy     Lawrence     Mount Clare     NELSON     Nora     Oak     Ruskin     Sedan     Smyrna     Superior

OTOE Co.     Burr     Douglas    Dunbar     Lorton     Minersville     NEBRASKA CITY  Otoe     Palmyra     Paul     Syracuse     Talmage     Unadilla     Wyoming

PAWNEE Co.     Armour     Bookwalter     Burchard     Du Bois     Lewiston     Mayberry     PAWNEE CITY     Steinauer     Table Rock     Tate     Violet

PERKINS Co.     Brandon     Elsie     GRANT     Madrid     Pearl     Phebe     Venango

PHELPS Co.     Atlanta     Bertrand     Funk     Haydon     Holcomb     HOLDREGE     Loomis     Sacramento     Westmark     Williamsburg

PIERCE Co.     Breslau     Hadar     Lucas Siding     McLean     Osmond     PIERCE  Plainview

PLATTE Co.     COLUMBUS     Cornlea     Creston     Duncan     Humphrey    Lindsay     Monroe     Oconee     Platte Center     Tarnov

POLK Co.     OSCEOLA     Polk     Shelby     Stromsburg     Swedehome

RED WILLOW Co.     Banksville     Bartley     Boxelder     Danbury     Indianola     Lebanon     Marion     MCCOOK     Perry     Red Willow     Shippee

RICHARDSON Co.     Arago     Archer     Barada     Dawson     FALLS CITY    Fargo     Humboldt     Middleburg     Nims     Preston     Rulo     Salem     Shubert     Stella     Straussville     Verdon

ROCK Co.     BASSETT     Buell     Butka     Cuba     Duff     Hammond     Horsefoot  Kirkwood     Malvern     Mariaville     Newport     Perch     Pony Lake     Rock     Rose     Selden     Shebesta     Sybrant     Thurman

SALINE Co.     Crete     DeWitt     Dorchester     Friend     Plato     Pleasanthill     Shestak Swanton     Tobias     Western     WILBER

SARPY Co.     Bellevue     Chalco     Fort Crook     Gilmore     Gretna     La Platte   Meadow     Melia     PAPILLION     Richfield     Springfield

SAUNDERS Co.     Ashland     Cedar Bluffs     Ceresco     Colon     Ithaca    Leshara     Malmo     Mead     Memphis     Morse Bluff     Plasi     Platte River     Pohocco     Prague   Rescue     Sand Creek     Swedeburg     Touhy     Valparaiso     WAHOO     Wann     Weston     Woodcliff     Yutan

SCOTTS BLUFF Co.     Bradley     Brockhoff     Caldwell     Covert     Dorrington    GERING     Haig     Henry     Heyward     Hope     Larissa     McGrew     Melbeta     Minatare     Mitchell     Morrill     Roubedeau     Scottsbluff     Sedan     Snell     Toohey    Woodrow

SEWARD Co.     Beaver Crossing     Bee     Cordova     Garland     Goehner    Milford     Pleasant Dale     SEWARD     Staplehurst     Tamora      Utica

SHERIDAN Co.     Adaton     Albany     Antioch     Bingham     Clinton     Ellsworth    Gordon     Grayson     Hay Springs     Hilton     Hunter     Lakeside     Long Lake     Marple Mirage     Moomaw     Peters     RUSHVILLE     Schill     Spade     Strasburger     Whiteclay

SHERMAN Co.     Ashton     Austin     Hazard     Litchfield     LOUP CITY    Rockville     Schaupps

SIOUX Co.     Agate     Andrews     Ashbrook     Bodarc     Coffee Siding     Curly     Glen   HARRISON     Kelley     Malinda     Montrose     Mud Springs     Orella     Story     Unit

STANTON Co.     Bega     Haymow     Pilger     STANTON

THAYER Co.     Alexandria     Belvidere     Bruning     Byron     Carleton     Chester   Davenport     Deshler     Friedensau     Gilead     HEBRON     Hubbell     Kiowa     Stoddard     Williams

THOMAS Co.     Halsey     Natic     Norway     Seneca     THEDFORD

THURSTON Co.     Macy     PENDER     Rosalie     Thurston     Walthill     Winnebago

VALLEY Co.     Alta     Arcadia     Elyria     Geranium     Lee Park     Miracreek
North Loup     ORD

WASHINGTON Co.     Admah     BLAIR     Bowen     Coffman     Cuming City    Dale     De Soto     Fontanelle     Fort Calhoun     Herman     Kennard     Washington

WAYNE Co.     Altona     Apex     Carroll     Hoskins     Sholes     WAYNE     Winside

WEBSTER Co.     Bladen     Bluehill     Cowles     Guide Rock     Inavale
RED CLOUD    Rosemont

WHEELER Co.     Arden     BARTLETT     Cumminsville     Ericson     Francis   Headquarters     Lisle     Newboro     Pibel     Sheridan     Wheeler

YORK Co.     Arborville     Benedict     Bradshaw     Charlestown     Gresham     Henderson     Houston     Lushton     McCool Junction     Thayer     Waco     YORK

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

New System in Schools

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Promotions Will Be Made Each Half Year Now Will Save Quantity of Time

Where a Pupil Has Failed He Will Only Have to Go Over a Half Year’s Work in the Future, Instead of an Entire Year as in the Past.

A new system of promotions has been adopted by the board of education for the Norfolk public schools up to and including the eighth grade. Hereafter promotions will be made twice a year instead of once, and each grade in the school will be divided into two separate and distinct classes, one a half year ahead of the other. The advantages from the new system over the old are that time will be saved, since a pupil who fails in his final examination at the end of a half year will have only a half year’s work to do over instead of a full year’s work, as heretofore has been the case; and the work in each grade, being divided into two distinct parts, will be more thorough.

The greatest advantage from the new system is in time saved those who have failed in a final examination. Under the old system this pupil was obliges to remain for another entire year in the same grade. Under the new system he will only have to go back and make up a half year’s school work before going on with the next grade.

The new system was adopted by the board of education at its meeting held Monday night, and it is this week being put into effect for the first time. They system is much the same as that used in the university of Nebraska, where the year is divided into two semesters, and is identical with the system now in vogue at high schools in all of the cities larger than Norfolk and in most of them of Norfolk’s size.

Under the new rule, for instance, there are two classes in the preliminary room, A and B.   A pupil entering this fall goes into the A class and at the end of four and a half months, provided he passes examinations, goes into the B class. In this way the teacher will keep doing two sets of work at the same time, each class being a cycle by itself, as it were, revolving around and around each half year. As one result, pupils may enter school in the middle of the year as well as the beginning, where they have been able to enter only on the first of September, heretofore. The half year student, or one who gets started in the middle of the year, will thus be promoted from one grade to another in the middle of each year, and will only go from one class to another each new year.

The only place that it will be necessary for a pupil to wait for the rest of the class, the grade having been completed in the middle of the year, will be in the eighth grade, since it is not possible to enter the high school on half year terms, this system not having been carried out here as yet. In time, however, it will go into effect there also, probably. The saving of time in the lower grades, however, will compensate for any waiting done at the end of the eighth grade. The high school is not included in this new system because a much increased force of teachers would be needed for the work there if the rule were adopted. Superintendent Bodwell is enthusiastic as to the advantages to be gained by the change of systems. Source: The Norfolk Daily News, Thurs. September 6, 1906, page 3.